Introduction
The nation of Bangladesh since the year 1971 has had various cases of insecurity, a victim of political upheavals, and being stricken by poverty. According to (Zahra, 2012) Bangladesh has tin tainted its image and a low number of local and international tourists explore the country. The research paper will elucidate in a detailed way international tourism in Bangladesh country. There are several problematic challenges that hamper the sustainability and suitability of tourism in Bangladesh country (Cheer, 2017). These include; political instability, civil unrest, warfare, illness incidences in some locations of the country and adverse hot climatically conditions. Tourism is a noble industry in Bangladesh which can actually and in a realistic way raise the Gross Domestic Production of the whole country (Zahra, 2012). It is wise and intelligent to solve the queries and the hindrances that impede the growth of tourism in Bangladesh. Bangladesh country has an awesome geographical, topographical, and architectural sites that can really attract the tourists. The ministry of tourism in Bangladesh need to be highly recognized and its tin tainted image to be refined. According to (Bowen, 2017) tourism industry must not be taken for granted in Bangladesh because it is a pleasure action that entails the driving force of free will and freedom of an individual. The backbone activities of tourism include; accommodation, transportation, and information facilities to the guests.
The main aim and the goal of this research paper are to offer a substantial solution which makes Bangladesh country to drag behind in the tourism industry. The objectives of the research are to use the empirical methodology, rational research, and using statistical model analysis which assists profoundly to end the chronic problem weakening tourism industry in Bangladesh. The holistic paper research will be to assist conclusively achieve a solution to the problems facing tourism industry in Bangladesh.
Background
Bangladesh has a small magnitude area in Asia Content which is located southwards. Its surface area in total amount to one forty seven thousand, five hundred and seventy kilometers square (Adhikary, 2018). Myanmar and India are its borders and the Bengal Bay which is located southwards. It has a total population of one hundred and forty million persons many of them practicing Islam. According to (Mohammad, 2018) Bangladesh is composed of three religions which include; Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity. The climate of Bangladesh is composed of moderate winter and warm summers. It has numerous archaeological and historical sites which can really attract the tourists
Bangladesh country is populated densely, lying low, surrounded by rivers which are situated in Asia South Coastal areas of five hundred and eighty kilometers on the north of the Bengal Bay. The plain delta of the Brahmaputra, Ganges, and Rivers of Meghan together with their streams cover eighty percent of the whole nation (Hassan, 2014). Bangladesh is located on the tropic of cancer which is characterized by monsoon tropical climate, whereby experiences high humidity, high temperatures, and a lot of rainfall (Park, 2017). Natural calamities like flooding and strong winds usually occur in the nation. A great number of people practice farming of rice which is done in three periods. Low temperatures are seldom experienced in the country but in some instances, the temperatures go down to eight decrease Celsius which can increase the rate of mortality if the habitats do not wear warm clothes.
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Bangladesh has a well-designed characteristics in its geographical and topographical structure. It has an awesome beach, mangrove forest, colourful culture, and a sea beach. It has psychological features such as warfare, unrests, insecurity, poverty stricken, and over population. It has a negative picture in accordance to the prerequisites of tourism which need to been substantially solved for the promotion and growth of the tourism industry. It need to change and amend its picture in matters of psychological, and functional characteristics, domination of mass media, internet, and neglect of tourism sector. The parliamentary boycotts, emergency situations, violent elections, and volatile political situation must come to an end. The issue of collective bargaining and freedom of association are the fundamental rights of human in Bangladesh. When these rights are being respected and valued the workers will work diligently increasing the rate of Gross Domestic Product of the nation. The frequent exploitation and harassment of union leaders is immoral and unethical.
Bangladesh is composed of a culture called Bengali. Bengali culture usually treasures drama, music, dance, art, craft, and poetry. It has three forms of religion which include; Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam. Dance and music of Bangladesh have been classified into three sub-categories which are; modern, classical, and folk (Zahra, 2012). The social media of Bangladesh is privately owned, outspoken, and quite diverse. Celebrations and festivals are a conglomerate unit of the whole country. The county has a catchy heritage and architecture which can really attract the tourists. Kabaddi is the treasured form of sport in Bangladesh, where Cricket is the popularly played and football follows. The economy of Bangladesh is quite high with a Gross Domestic Production of three thousand eight hundred and forty United States Dollars though it is negatively affected by natural catastrophes, bureaucratic corruption, inadequate power, and gas distribution (Giugale, 2017). Bangladesh country has an awesome form of education where the citizens study for twelve years; eight years at primary school and four years at secondary school.
Bangladesh country has perpetually a very weak democratic government in recent years. The political parties act as individual belongings of the leaders. There is the absence of a focal point to control effective leadership to close the existing lacuna. The existing parties are meant to bring division, hatred, and lack of solidarity to the whole nation instead creating a cohesive and consolidated nation. There is no decentralization, devolvement, and sharing of powers in Bangladesh. The ordinary citizens suffer greatly to achieve justice and equity. This results in the battle for equality and justice to the people whereby the tourists may feel insecure to visit this country. The local government leaders are quite cold and adamant in responding to the issues of health, transport, water shortage, and development of infrastructure which enables greatly the tourists to travel and explore with a lot of ease (Zacher, 2008). The executive, legislature, and the judiciary do not work as autonomous but more regularly they overlap each other.
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Literature Review
The main challenge that is facing Bangladesh is political instability and civil unrest. Tourism is one of the most neglected sectors in Bangladesh (Cheer, 2017). It has less than 0.5 dollars per capita income compared to India which has six dollars and Sri Lanka has twenty-six dollars. It has disappointing and unattractive hotels, poor customer services, and poor transport systems. The country is well natured by mangrove forests, beaches and archaeological sites which can really boost local and international tourists exploring the country. According to (Cheer, 2017) Bangladesh is potential and has the capacity of becoming a hotspot for tourists but it is really impeded by the civil unrest and political instability. The political system, culture, economic situation, and environments need to be harmonized and give the positive picture to the local and international tourists (Shenkar, 2014).
Political instability is a chronic problem that needs to be solved in Bangladesh country. (Sarker, 2017) After independence, the issues of violence, civil unrest, political conflict, and weak governance has caused the nation to be in tensions with a lot of instability. The solution to this menace and catastrophe is patience conduct of the opposition, warm relationships among parties, positive criticism to the government, and hospitality among the guests who visit the country. An effective management strategy approach in interrogating the tourists to share the opinions and the problems they face to visit Bangladesh need to be implemented. The leaders and the managers of the tourism industry in Bangladesh need to come up with a pragmatic measure to combat the negative influences that hamper the growth, and the development of tourism industry (Bowen, 2017). The disaster management team and the elites who are well specialized in solving the crisis should come in the aid of solving the issue of political instability, and civil unrest.
The country of Bangladesh should work and change on its destination image in terms of political instability, insecurity, high rate of destitution, and poor infrastructure (Papastergiadis, 2018). The main factors that influence the tourists to visit the countries are; facilities present in the destination country, climate or the weather, and the quality of attraction. Bangladesh country should keenly observe on these three main areas to increase the number of tourists exploring the country (Wells, 2016). Bangladesh is a potential nation especially in the sector touching tourism industry (Kaushal, 2017). If tourism can be exploited and actualized in the proper manner it can earn Bangladesh a lot of income (Adhikary, 2018). The country tourist magnetism includes beaches, picnic, archaeological sites, historic mosques, monuments, wildlife, and forest. It is served with a number of rivers because it is along tropical of cancer which makes it favorite to be rainy most of the times. The geographical features of the country include; mangrove forests, rivers, valleys, long beaches, and hills. The prerequisites which can enable Bangladesh tourism industry to develop and progress are a number of them. The country needs to have a political instability with a decentralized and devolved kind of government, to enhance peace and tranquillity in the country (Surwillo, 2017).
The outside picture of Bangladesh internationally is viewed as a country with the victim of natural disasters, corruption, scams, nepotism, and poverty (Haque, 2018). In a realistic manner, Bangladesh country’s image is not bad as such but the issue of political instability and high rate of insecurity has messed the country. The challenges that have dragged tourism industry in Bangladesh are underdeveloped economic infrastructure, unemployment, natural disaster, and overpopulation. The country has endeavored greatly on the issues of growth of annual domestic production, literacy levels, urban developments, and infrastructure (Holmes, 2017).
The tourists before they visit a particular country usually consider peace, harmony, and stability of the government as an important key factor. The evaluation and research done in Bangladesh country show that the low level of tourists’ guests is caused mostly due to causes of warfare and unrest in the country. The additional factors that trigger and enhance tourists to visit the country are; accessibility, services, facilities, and attractions (Prins, 2015). Since time memorial in Bangladesh country satisfaction, image, choice, and destination have made the tourists to rank the nation to be low in terms of receiving the guests. The tourism industry in Bangladesh should be an issue discussed in national government so as a revolution to be manifested and felt.
The tourism industry in Bangladesh should work in harmony with other ministries such as that of; transportation, social services, industry, and agriculture (Carley, 2017). The strategy of this collaboration brings a strong synergistic mechanism in tourism industry where it actualizes potential guests to actual guests. The multinational agency, private organizations and government agency should work in one accord to develop the industry of tourism. The nation requires to better and perfect industry of tourism for foreign and local tourists. The five factors that can influence greatly tourists’ attraction in Bangladesh include; cost, facilities, hospitality, attraction, and infrastructures.
Tourists industry can strongly increase and raise in Bangladesh country if security facilities, communication facilities, accommodation facilities, and favorable cost charges. The most influencing factor that tourists consider the others is political stability which results in peace to prevail. The tourism industry in Bangladesh can improve the economy and social factors of the nation. It can be a big external interchange stipendiary, the source of employment, reduces destitution in the country and can promote peace and harmony of the nation. The air transport in Bangladesh has actually slowed down tourism industry due to the limitation of airlifts internationally and locally, delays in flights, mismanagement at the airports and inefficiency.
Native travels are impeded by the absence of provisions, regular road tragedies, and deprived highway environments. It is noted and recognized tourism industry in Bangladesh is highly despised. The specialists who are assigned in this department of tourism have failed terribly in matters of misleading assumption, research findings that are done in a shoddy manner, and the archaic mode of information of statistics. The department of external activities and the inclusive of the national government have no any recorded data on how many tourists usually visit each and every and year. This unprofessionalism has caused a discordant in the sectors of private and public.
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Bangladesh is a potential country with the richness of heritage culture and natural resources. The worst negative effects that impede tourism industry in Bangladesh are lack of security, terrorists’ threats, natural disasters, political instability, and financial crisis (Blaikie, 2014). The country has several numbers of crimes that really hamper the economic growth of the country. These include; mugging, burglary, theft, and robbery. The possible crimes that happen in the country include sexual violence, land disputes, physical violence, and domestic violence. Police harassment, corruption, scams, and exhortation are also very frequent. Violence and crime in Bangladesh have caused major significant blocks due to the growth of tourism industry (Bateman 2015).
A wide diversity of political instability and warfare among different cultures has really caused a heavy downfall. Extensive unrest of political can result in the tourists not travel and explore the country even though it is surrounded by mangrove forest, big rivers, and fabulous and architecture. The eruption of illnesses is a cause that impedes tourists’ visitation in the country. The ministry of health in collaboration with the national government must come in good terms to solve the issue of disease outbreaks across the country. Proper transportation and presence of social amenities can influence greatly the coming of tourists in Bangladesh country (Rahman, 2015). Roads, air transport, and modes of communication must be well developed to ensure suitability and satisfaction of tourists across the nation.
The government of Bangladesh should ensure that natural environment is highly conserved. Deforestation should be highly prohibited to combat the issue of global warming. Wildlife also should not be highly protected to ensure unique animals are preserved for future generations and they cannot become extinct. Planting of trees in Bangladesh would eradicate the menace of floods and strong winds. Floods usually cause destabilizations of people, homelessness, and eventually brings death. Strong winds are also very destructive which cause dismantling of building structures and discomforts of the environment (Callenberger, 2017). Landslides and flooding are the most dangerous catastrophes that destroy the beautiful environment. The country of Bangladesh needs a dynamic balance between; environment, social, and economical. In stewardship and leadership issues like; affordable housing, political instability, disease outbreaks, and preservation of the environment should be discussed on different platforms to bring a lasting solution. This idea can help greatly to mitigate the problematic issues that cause failure and shame in the tourism sector. The development and the progress of tourism industry in Bangladesh bring job opportunities to the jobless, progression of infrastructure, the growth of the economy, and alleviation of poverty. The national government and the ministry of foreign affairs should maintain high standards required by the tourists so that to ensure desirable conditions of the tourists are met and bridged. Pragmatic successful strategies of guests development should be carried out so that to bring a radical change in local tourists and international tourists.
Methodology
This section elaborates the research methodologies used in acquiring information and knowledge in literature review as the tourism industry in Bangladesh is concerned. Issues of research methods such as interpretive research paradigm, positivism, qualitative, quantitative data and the procedures of sampling are different methodologies used in this research paper. The interpretive research paradigm entails understanding the environment of Bangladesh and how it affects the local people who are termed as local tourists (Veal, 2017). The environment of Bangladesh is surrounded by rivers, hills, architecture, beaches and mangrove forests. The national government in collaboration with the ministry of foreign affairs should put down strict policies and laws to protect the natural beauty of the country. The wildlife and the geographical features must be well conserved and preserved.
Positivism philosophy methodology refers to the study of the phenomena of Bangladesh and how it affects the tourism industry. Empirically and from the point of observation Bangladesh country is densely populated with different cultures of people who value different customs, beliefs, art, religion, and political convictions (Lane, 2016). The tourism industry together with the national government must be intelligent and wise enough to put down laws and decrees that defend the natural beauty. The diversity contained in the population of Bangladesh country should not be significant as such but the unifying factor should be the laws and the principles defending the physical mantra. Size and sampling methods are also crucial in this research paper. The geographical area of Bangladesh is quite gigantic and the population too is quite high. To conduct a census data on every individual in the country can be impossible because it can really take a lot of time. The relevant sampling method is used whereby a small group of people is selected to represent the entire population. Different groups of people in random assessment showed that tourism can be a major source income if there are political stability and improvements of security, health, and transport.
The methodology of data collection is another methodology which is to arrive at the information intended by the researcher. There are different kinds of data collection used in this research paper. These include; observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The observation method is the acquiring of information by using sensible faculties of a human being. The observation methodology is simple and cheap. Bangladesh country is occupied with a panoramic beauty which ought to be preserved and defended by the local and foreign tourists. The carrying out of various interviews and questionnaires is also very vital in this research paper. The questionnaires and interviews are carried randomly to specific people to achieve reliable information of the status at quo of tourism in the country and what needs to be developed. Different kinds of people gave similar responses regarding tourism industry in Bangladesh. They stated that the current situation which is at hand concerning tourism across the country is not doing tremendously well. Tourism needs to be seriously thought and should not be taken for granted.
Tourism can really increase the gross domestic product of the country, by providing jobs to the jobless. The national government in conjunction with the ministry of public works should improve and develop the transport systems of road and air. Qualitative research methodology is quite vital and essential to be considered. The rationale behind of using this methodology is to carefully study and fathom the existing challenges that affect tourism industry negatively in Bangladesh country. The underlying factors that impede tourism not do well in Bangladesh are the political instability, poor infrastructure, an outbreak of diseases, warfare, and unrest. All these negative factors ought to be solved rationally to create peace, harmony and tranquil environment that favors local and international tourism.
Quantitative data used in this research paper include the application of countable data. The method needs logical setups for the homogenizing collection of data so that the information acquired can be synthesized and analyzed in a uniform and a coherent way. A questionnaire which is standard and can be used to interrogate the people of Bangladesh for ensuring accuracy, comparability of data, and the increased speed (Lane, 2016). A questionnaire is a dignified question set up for acquiring information from individuals as tourism entails in the country of Bangladesh. The questionnaire set up in this paper is met three main objectives. The questionnaire intended to be used in this methodology must have emerging questions that people are willing to answer. The questionnaire set must encourage, inspire, and uplift the people to concentrate, and accomplish the questions.
Analysis
This section elucidates and presents the collected data in this research paper. The information was acquired through the use of qualitative, quantitative, questionnaire, observation and interpretive research paradigm. The analysis done in the research paper is done to meet the four key aims. Determining the low level of local and foreign tourists in Bangladesh. To solve the problems of political instability, insecurity, poor infrastructure and the combating of a disease outbreak. The other key factor is to preserve the natural environment and wildlife across the region. The fourth objective is to really maintain development and progressive measures that can enhance the growth of tourism. The key figures through the methodology of observation manifested that Bangladesh individuals are simple and treasure traditional architecture. The country is surrounded by rivers, hills, mangrove forests, beaches, and tributes. Around 80% according to statistical data analysis professed that there is the need to preserve the natural environment for local and international tourists.
The qualitative methodology did to the various elite class of those in government, tourism sector and the local tourists who are interested always to explore the country had a number of similarities. About 95% of these groups of intellectuals and potential tourists affirmed that the current existing tourism industry is doing so poorly. Around 5, 678 people out of 7, 467 respondents complained a lot about the political instability in the country, warfare, unrest, and poor infrastructure. Their plea and request to the government were to offer a solution to these challenges that cause retrogression to the tourism industry. Their opinions were to form a decentralized of government, development of infrastructure, controlling of disease outbreaks and the combating of several crimes in the country.
Specific questionnaires were done to various people across the country of the ordinary class. Bangladesh is composed of three different kinds of religion which include; Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism. Bangladesh people treasure their culture a lot. According to the random census, 15,789 people said that there is need to treasure and value the culture and the religion of Bangladesh. Tourists usually value and honor the uniqueness of culture and religion of a particular country. The positivist philosophy in the statistical analysis is also significant to consider in this research paper. The rate of unemployment rate in Bangladesh is 4.20% which economically retrogresses and drags the economy of the country. According to (Alexander, 2017) various phenomenological tests and rational conclusion, shows that if tourism can be taken seriously in Bangladesh it can reduce the rate of unemployment to with a bigger percentage.
The interpretive research paradigm in the various areas carried out manifested various reliable information pertaining tourism in Bangladesh. According to the various natives, they testified that there are the crimes of theft, burglary, robbery, corruption, nepotism, and scams. These crimes usually affect tourism industry in a negative manner. The tourists feel insecure, disrespected, and devalued when they are faced with such crimes. Around 12, 567 people said that the government in coordination with the ministry of interior defense should take the mantle and give a rebuttal to these crimes. The perpetrators caught in the erroneous crimes should be highly fined, punished or set for life imprisonment. When there is peace, harmony, and tranquillity tourism industry grows and develops at a high rate. This can really boost the economy of Bangladesh country.
The information technology systems of Bangladesh need to be improved and meet the international standards. Around 95% of the individuals who practice tourism business and the potential ones said that there is a necessity to improve information technology channels. The gadgets like smartphones, laptops, I pads, and tablets usually use the internet to access various information. Poor network systems can really obstruct and slow the communication of the owners who carry tourism business with the local and international tourists. According to the interviews carried on online platforms of facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram around 4, 567 out 7,654 uses knows the importance of these platforms. Instagram, WhatsApp, facebook, and twitter are platforms which can be used to communicate to local and international tourists. The ministry of information technology in collaboration with the government should empower the entrepreneurs who carry out tourism business. Especially in urban areas and rural areas, there should be accessibility to the internet. The government should ensure mobile phones, laptops and computers are sold at fair prices to ensure that the potential business people are considered. This is a sign of development, innovation, and creativity which can boost tourism industry and start doing tremendously well. The presence of good environment as the world of technology is concerned eventually makes the country of Bangladesh to have a wave from analog to digital.
The questionnaire which is made in this research paper reduces boredom and fatigue of the respondents. This is geared and focused to avoid nonresponsiveness and incompleteness of the questions. The questionnaire method used has been formulated and standardized in a coherent way to reduce infallibility of the results. The error response is described as the mistakes and error that occurs when individuals respond and give inaccurate responses which can lead to erroneous analysis and synthesis. The questionnaire set is categorically directing the elite class who work in government offices, tourism sector and also to the people who treasure traveling and exploring the country of Bangladesh. The methodology of the questionnaire in this research paper targets to ask questions to these group of people using emails, Facebook, and WhatsApp platforms. The substance of questionnaires should arrive at the following questions in a conclusive way.
In the questionnaires first should determine carefully the existing problems that hamper and retrogresses tourism industry in Bangladesh. The key and the major impacts that affect tourism in the country. The possible solution that can really assist to develop and progress the tourism industry. The facilities that ought to be improved in Bangladesh country so and to ensure suitability and sustainability is achieved. The most attractive places for the tourists that need to be well preserved and highly defended. Environment and wildlife should be well kept off so as to maintain the natural beauty which local tourists and foreign tourists always admire to see. The government should ensure tight and high security in the country so as to ensure peace and harmony to prevail. This eventually helps the tourism industry to thrive smartly and develop with a high margin index.
The outside picture of Bangladesh internationally is viewed as a country with the victim of natural disasters, corruption, scams, nepotism, and poverty. In a realistic manner, Bangladesh country’s image is not bad as such but the issue of political instability and high rate of insecurity has messed the country. The challenges that have dragged tourism industry in Bangladesh are underdeveloped economic infrastructure, unemployment, natural disaster, and overpopulation. Head of State of Bangladesh should never manipulate these arms to function for his own selfish interest. The judiciary is frequently controlled by the demagogues and the sophists for their own gains. The act of lacking transparency and uprightness in the judiciary sector has resulted to an increased rate of corruption, nepotism, and scams. The country has endeavored greatly on the issues of growth of annual domestic production, literacy levels, urban developments, and infrastructure.
The widespread of violence and corruption is hard to neglect. In Bangladesh constitution is composed of secularism, nationalism, democracy, and socialism. The constitution formulation treasures the aspects of multiple parties, fundamental rights, and a unitary and parliamentary form of government. The four aspects are never observed but are practiced for the individual good of the government leaders. The greatest mistake in Bangladesh was the amendment of the constitution into a one-party state. Due to this factor, the judiciary has always shipwrecked and the media have been perpetually manipulated. Centralization form of government in Bangladesh has resulted in too many discrepancies causing a lot of disharmony in the country. The tourism industry in Bangladesh can improve the economy and social factors of the nation. It can be a big external interchange stipendiary, the source of employment, reduces destitution in the country and can promote peace and harmony of the nation. The air transport in Bangladesh has actually slowed down tourism industry due to the limitation of airlifts internationally and locally, delays in flights, mismanagement at the airports and inefficiency.
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The judiciary should be utmost be respected so that the rate of insecurity, corruption, and civil unrest to decrease. The elected members of the national government and the local government always control sectors of civil work, education, security, and foreign affairs. Job opportunities are merited through individual connections. The qualification does not make one get a job but mostly the individuals are employed with corruption, biasness, and prejudices. The policy of justice and merit need to be checked upon. The judiciary of Bangladesh is so weak in such that they are a high level of drug tracking, corruption by police, and high levels of embezzlement of public funds by the cartels. The electoral commission is quite corrupt which have a lot of illegalities and irregularities. The body is under siege and needs to be operated with justice, and uprightness. If the justice, transparency, and objectivity can be manifested in judiciary the rate of political instability can reduce with high margin.
The image of media has been absolutely been distorted by the powerful leaders who always want to twist arm the media. The government of Bangladesh has even restricted the people to use the Facebook platform. The government blackmails the media if they do not give the public the information what they need. Some journalists are kidnapped, jailed or even murdered if they dare to challenge the ruling regime. Bangladesh people are forced to watch foreign channels because of the issue of monopoly, and domination by the powerful government officials.
The stability of politics maintains the legitimacy of the state and keeping it integrated. Political stability is a necessary condition for the development of the economy, respect of the constitution and social integration. The stability of politics makes the nation to grow and develops gradually hence sectors of tourism can thrive and develop with a lot of ease. The political instability of Bangladesh has resulted in increased rates of mortality rates, human infringement, and displacement of families. Political instability usually causes a high rate of inflation in the country affecting the growth of the economy in a negative way. The sectors which are totally corrupted are that of retail and transport. Political instability is very crucial in national integration and political development. National integration and political development ensure harmony, peace, respect for the constitution, and tourism industry is likely to thrive and provide employment opportunities to the jobless.
Political instability in Bangladesh has distorted the market activities and relations of labor. It decreases the growth of the economy which negatively affects the investors not invest massively. The high rate of violence, warfare, and civil unrest can result in anarchy form of government in Bangladesh. There are high chances of government being overthrown when the anarchy gradually thrives in the country. The local and international tourists feel insecure to explore the country because of this form of government (Hai, 2011).
The political instability has really affected the flourishing and the development of industries in Bangladesh. The investors feel nervous and suspicious to develop their market segment due to political instability that wounds and damage the country’s image. The tourism industry has been injured by the unstable government. The associated violence, roadblocks, civil unrests, and insecurity has affected the backwardness and stagnation of tourism industry. Political instability has corrupted many business empires. The judiciary and the lawmakers should form a strong team to end the menace of political instability which actually dragged behind the tourism industry. The government should objectively recognize the chronic problem bringing disharmony to the tourism industry. The economy sector needs to adjust the micro and macro political catastrophe. The tourism industry will gain a positive image if the government is decentralized, the constitution is amended, cartels that dominate the mass media to be dismantled, and the criminals to be thoroughly punished and sent to jail.
Discussion
The tourism industry in Bangladesh can play a major role in developing the underdeveloped regions of the country. The stability of political matters can really boost foreign exchange rates of the country. The guests can really enjoy exploring various parts of the country with a lot of ease when peace and harmony are maintained across the borders. When the industry of tourism can do well in the country the probability of alleviation of poverty in rural areas can be met because it can create direct and indirect job opportunities to the jobless. The country of Bangladesh is facing difficult position in the balance of payment account, lack of suitable strategy and policy for the progression of the tourism industry.
The economic factors that influence tourism can be subdivided into three categories. There is a straight outflow of services and goods given by restaurants and hotels. Secondly, there is the unforeseen disbursement brought to the hotels business transactions. Thirdly there is the expenditure induced due to the responding of cash by native people hired in or benefiting from the industry of tourism expenditure in the locality. The nature of tourism in Bangladesh can really bring positive impacts in socials, economic, and cultural developments in the country. The tourism industry in Bangladesh can only be sustainable if all the negative factors such as political instability, warfare, unrest, insecurity, and transport systems are sorted out.
The environment of Bangladesh is quite conducive to tourism. It is surrounded by mangrove forests, big rivers, tributaries, beaches and various forms of architecture. The retrogression of tourism industry can be caused due to political instability, warfare, unrest, and little focus on tourism industry by prior regime, scarcity of trained personnel in the industry, and lack of budgetary allocation in the tourism sector. There is also lack of marketing activities and publicity of tourism industry. Bangladesh lags behind in matters of setting planning and strategies for marketing offline, and online.
Tourism industry can offer job opportunities to the natives of Bangladesh country. Jobs such as chefs, porters, tour guides, drivers, and housekeepers. This can reduce the level of poverty to the jobless and make independent by starting relying on their hard work. It can bring social gains to the community. Tourism can result in an image of identity and pride to different cultures. It helps them to reflect on their identity and tradition. It helps the natives to value and maintain their religion, culture, and tradition. Tourists can bring additional benefits to environmental preservation, natural management, and ecosystems’ (Hassan, 2014). The negative effects that impede the growth of tourism in the country of Bangladesh include; terrorism, drugs, robbery, corruption, and burglary. If the natural beauty is well maintained and preserved the country can really attract a big number of tourists.
In Bangladesh, administrative parties are an individual possession for the personal heads. The political parties are centered on one person. There is high probability if a leader exists from a particular political party it is highly to get disintegrated. The centralization part of the government makes it difficult for the marginalized people not to enjoy the services from the government. There is the need for an amendment which can really reform the political nature of Bangladesh. The economy of the government needs to be audited so that to improve various sectors of health, security, information technology system, and transportation infrastructure. The people suffer most from poor leadership are the common people of Bangladesh. The complexities of bureaucracy make it complicated for the people to air their grievances to respected government offices.
Devolved systems of government should be imposed so that the people who live in villages, and marginalized areas can get worthy services of leadership. The local government should be responsible for solving the matters to deal with health, transport, water, and security. There is the essence of collaboration between the local and the national government which can really make the country to develop and progresses. The executive, judiciary, and the legislature should work autonomously to lender beneficial services to the subjects. The three arms of the government should not be monitored or controlled by one person. Judiciary, executive, and judiciary should independently but be focused on the common good of the people. The economy of Bangladesh is quite high with a Gross Domestic Production of three thousand eight hundred and forty United States Dollars though it is negatively affected by natural catastrophes, bureaucratic corruption, inadequate power, and gas distribution. Bangladesh country has an awesome form of education where the citizens study for twelve years; eight years at primary school and four years at secondary school.
The media is an important docket which makes the people access the information. The department must not be corrupted by the cartels for their selfish interests. It should maintain the aspects of freedom, and sanctity. It should be given due respect and dignity to run its activities without coercion or duress. There is a lot of jitters and nervousness among the people if they come up with a discourse that is against the government. The character of timidity is imprinted by the ruling regime.
Conclusion
This paper has conclusively ended by showing that Bangladesh country is one of the most beautiful counties in Asia Continent, surrounded by mangrove forests, rivers, hills, beaches, tributaries, and awesome architecture. The main challenge that has really hampered and deteriorated industry of tourism is the political instability of the country. The unstable form of government has to lead the country to lose thousands of US dollars making the economy to decrease and stagnate. Local tourists and the foreign tourists usually treasure and cherish a peaceful and harmonious country. In a realistic manner, Bangladesh country’s image is not bad as such but the issue of political instability and high rate of insecurity has messed the country. Bangladesh country has a lot of warfare, unrests, robbery theft, burglary, corruption, and frequent disease outbreaks. These inhuman issues and the problems contribute greatly to the retrogression of the tourism industry in Bangladesh (Crush, 2018). Political violence and insecurity have really impeded the growth of tourism. The stability, security, infrastcture, health, and economy must be addressed critically and solved with a lot of cognitive dimension.
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